Using Chef InSpec on Cloud Platforms

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As of Chef InSpec 2.0, we have expanded our platform support beyond individual machines and now include support for select AWS, Azure, GCP, and AliCloud resources.

Using InSpec, you can use several Chef InSpec resources to audit properties of your cloud infrastructure - for example, an Amazon Web Services S3 bucket.

AWS Platform Support in InSpec

Setting up AWS credentials for InSpec

Chef InSpec uses the standard AWS authentication mechanisms. Typically, you will create an IAM user specifically for auditing activities.

Create an IAM user in the AWS console, with your choice of username. Check the box marked “Programmatic Access.”
On the Permissions screen, choose Direct Attach. Select the AWS-managed IAM Profile named “ReadOnlyAccess.” If you wish to restrict the user further, you may do so; see individual Chef InSpec resources to identify which permissions are required.
After generating the key, record the Access Key ID and Secret Key.

Using Environment Variables to provide credentials

You may provide the credentials to Chef InSpec by setting the following environment variables: AWS_REGION, AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY. You may also use AWS_PROFILE, or if you are using MFA, AWS_SESSION_TOKEN. See the AWS Command Line Interface Docs for details.

Once you have your environment variables set, you can verify your credentials by running:

$ inspec detect -t aws://

== Platform Details
Name:      aws
Families:  cloud, api
Release:   aws-sdk-v2.10.125

Using the Chef InSpec target option to provide credentials on AWS

Look for a file in your home directory named ~/.aws/credentials. If it does not exist, create it. Choose a name for your profile; here, we’re using the name ‘auditing’. Add your credentials as a new profile, in INI format:

[auditing]
aws_access_key_id = AKIA....
aws_secret_access_key = 1234....abcd

You may now run Chef InSpec using the --target / -t option, using the format -t aws://region/profile. For example, to connect to the Ohio region using a profile named ‘auditing’, use -t aws://us-east-2/auditing.

To verify your credentials, run:

$ inspec detect -t aws://

== Platform Details
Name:      aws
Families:  cloud, api
Release:   aws-sdk-v2.10.125

Azure Platform Support in InSpec

Setting up Azure credentials for InSpec

To use Chef InSpec Azure resources, you will need to create a Service Principal Name (SPN) for auditing an Azure subscription.

This can be done on the command line or from the Azure Portal:

The information from the SPN can be specified either in the file ~/.azure/credentials, as environment variables, or by using Chef InSpec target URIs.

Setting up the Azure Credentials File

By default, Chef InSpec is configured to look at ~/.azure/credentials, and it should contain:

[<SUBSCRIPTION_ID>]
client_id = "<CLIENT_ID>"
client_secret = "<CLIENT_SECRET>"
tenant_id = "<TENANT_ID>"

Note

In the Azure web portal, these values are labeled differently:

The client_id is referred to as the ‘Application ID’
The client_secret is referred to as the ‘Key (Password Type)’
The tenant_id is referred to as the ‘Directory ID’

With the credentials are in place, you may now execute InSpec:

inspec exec my-inspec-profile -t azure://

Using Environment variables to provide credentials

You may also set the Azure credentials via environment variables:

AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID
AZURE_CLIENT_ID
AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET
AZURE_TENANT_ID

For example:

AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID="2fbdbb02-df2e-11e6-bf01-fe55135034f3" \
AZURE_CLIENT_ID="58dc4f6c-df2e-11e6-bf01-fe55135034f3" \
AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET="Jibr4iwwaaZwBb6W" \
AZURE_TENANT_ID="6ad89b58-df2e-11e6-bf01-fe55135034f3" inspec exec my-profile -t azure://

Using the Chef InSpec target option to provide credentials on Azure

If you have created a ~/.azure/credentials file as above, you may also use the Chef InSpec command line --target / -t option to select a subscription ID. For example:

inspec exec my-profile -t azure://2fbdbb02-df2e-11e6-bf01-fe55135034f3

AliCloud Platform Support in InSpec

You will need to install AliCloud SDK version 0.8.0 and require AliCloud credentials to use the Chef InSpec AliCloud resources.

Setting up AliCloud credentials for InSpec

You can configure AliCloud credentials in an .envrc file or export them in your shell.

# Example configuration
export ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY="anaccesskey"
export ALICLOUD_SECRET_KEY="asecretkey"
export ALICLOUD_REGION="eu-west-1"

GCP Platform Support in InSpec

Setting up GCP credentials for InSpec

To use Chef InSpec GCP resources, you will need to install and configure the Google Cloud SDK. Instructions for this pre-requisite can be found in the Google CLoud SDK documentation. Be sure that your InSpec installation is the latest version. The minimal required InSpec version is 3.0.25.

Create an InSpec profile that makes use of `inspec-gcp`

With a version of InSpec above 4.0.0, it is possible to create a profile with the following command:

$ inspec init profile --platform gcp my-profile
Create new profile at /Users/me/my-profile
 * Creating directory libraries
 * Creating file README.md
 * Creating directory controls
 * Creating file controls/example.rb
 * Creating file inspec.yml
 * Creating file inputs.yml
 * Creating file libraries/.gitkeep

Assuming the inputs.yml file contains your GCP project ID, this sample profile can then be executed using the following command:

inspec exec my-profile --input-file=my-profile/inputs.yml -t gcp://

Setting up the GCP Credentials File

While InSpec can use user accounts for authentication, Google Cloud documentation recommends using service accounts. Following GCP best practices, first create a service account with the scopes appropriate for your needs. See these instructions on creating a service account.

Then, download the credential JSON file, e.g. project-credentials.json, to your workspace and run the following command to activate your service account:

gcloud auth activate-service-account --key-file project-credentials.json

Using Environment variables for providing credentials

You may also set the GCP credentials json file via the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS='/Users/me/.config/gcloud/myproject-1-feb7993e8660.json'